Which one of the following cell organelles contains DNA?
- A.Golgi apparatus
- B.Mitochondrion
- C.Lysosome
- D.Endoplasmic reticulum
Correct answer
Explanation
The correct answer is B, Mitochondrion. Mitochondria carry their own small, circular DNA and their own ribosomes.
Mitochondria are the powerhouses of the cell, where aerobic respiration makes ATP. They have a double membrane, with the inner one folded into cristae. Because they hold their own DNA and 70S ribosomes, they can make some of their own proteins and divide on their own, which is why they are called semi-autonomous organelles. The endosymbiotic theory holds that they began as free-living bacteria taken in by an early cell. Chloroplasts in plant cells also have their own DNA. Mitochondrial DNA is inherited almost entirely from the mother.
A is wrong because the Golgi apparatus packages and dispatches proteins and has no DNA.
C is wrong because lysosomes are sacs of digestive enzymes, the suicide bags of the cell, without DNA.
D is wrong because the endoplasmic reticulum makes and carries proteins and lipids but has no DNA of its own.
Exam tip: nucleus, mitochondria and chloroplasts contain DNA; mitochondria and chloroplasts are semi-autonomous.
Practice Questions
View allConsider the following actions :
1. Detection of car crash/collision which results in the deployment of airbags almost instantaneously
2. Detection of accidental free fall of a laptop towards the ground which results in the immediate turning off of the hard drive
3. Detection of the tilt of the smartphone which results in the rotation of display between portrait and landscape mode
In how many of the above actions is the function of accelerometer required?
- A.Only one
- B.Only two
- C.All three
- D.None
Show answer
An accelerometer measures acceleration, including the pull of gravity, and each of the three actions depends on reading it. An accelerometer is a small sensor, today usually a MEMS (micro-electro-mechanical system) chip, that senses changes in speed and the direction of gravity.
Read the full explanation →Consider the following statements :
1. Carbon fibres are used in the manufacture of components used in automobiles and aircrafts.
2. Carbon fibres once used cannot be recycled.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
- A.1 only
- B.2 only
- C.Both 1 and 2
- D.Neither 1 nor 2
Show answer
Carbon fibre is widely used in cars and aircraft for its strength and low weight, and it can be recovered and recycled.
Read the full explanation →Which set of vegetables is underground stem or modified stem of a plant?
- A.Potato, artichoke, round gourd
- B.Onion, garlic, carrot
- C.Potato, onion, garlic
- D.Potato, garlic, turnip
Show answer
All three are underground modified stems: the potato is a stem tuber, and onion and garlic are bulbs. A stem can be told from a root by its nodes and buds.
Read the full explanation →A sound wave having frequency of 300 Hz is travelling in an unknown medium. Its wavelength is not known. It travels a distance equal to 150 times its wavelength in time t. The value of t is :
- A.0.5 s
- B.1 s
- C.1.5 s
- D.2 s
Show answer
A wave moves forward by one wavelength in each cycle, so 150 wavelengths take 150 cycles, and 150 cycles at 300 per second take half a second.
Read the full explanation →A body floats in a liquid if the buoyant force is :
- A.equal to its weight.
- B.less than its weight.
- C.greater than its weight.
- D.zero.
Show answer
A floating body is in equilibrium, so the upward buoyant force exactly balances its weight. By Archimedes' principle, a body in a liquid is pushed up by a force equal to the weight of the liquid it displaces.
Read the full explanation →