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Indian EconomyMediumAsked in: CDS · CDS-I 2020, GK

Which of the following are considered to be the four pillars of human development?

  1. A.Equity, inclusion, productivity and empowerment
  2. B.Equity, productivity, empowerment and sustainability
  3. C.Productivity, gender, inclusion and equity
  4. D.Labour, productivity, inclusion and equity

Correct answer

B. Equity, productivity, empowerment and sustainability

Explanation

The correct answer is B, Equity, productivity, empowerment and sustainability. These are the four pillars of human development set out by the economist Mahbub ul Haq, who led the team that prepared the first Human Development Report for the UNDP in 1990, working closely with Amartya Sen. Equity means fair and equal access to opportunities for everyone, whatever their gender, caste, income or region. Productivity means raising people's capacity to work and earn through better health, education and skills. Empowerment means that people have the freedom and power to make their own choices and take part in the decisions that affect them. Sustainability means that opportunities must be kept open for future generations too, so resources should not be used up. Option A is wrong because inclusion replaces sustainability. Option C is wrong because gender and inclusion are not separate pillars, and empowerment and sustainability are missing. Option D is wrong because labour and inclusion are not pillars. Exam tip: the four pillars are equity, productivity, empowerment and sustainability.

Practice Questions

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Q2.Indian EconomyAsked in: CDS · CDS-I 2024, GKMedium

Which of the following statements is/are correct?

1. A price index captures the change in the average price of a constant basket of commodities.

2. If the price index takes values 100, 110 and 121 in three consecutive years respectively, then the inflation rates in the 2nd and 3rd years are 10% and 21% respectively.

Select the correct answer using the code given below.

  1. A.1 only
  2. B.2 only
  3. C.Both 1 and 2
  4. D.Neither 1 nor 2
Show answer
Correct answer: A. 1 only

Statement 1 defines a price index correctly, but statement 2 gets the third year's inflation wrong. A price index such as the Consumer Price Index tracks the cost of a fixed basket of goods and services over time, compared with a base year whose value is set at 100.

Q3.Indian EconomyAsked in: CDS · CDS-I 2021, GKEasy

Which of the following is/are social security scheme(s) ?

1. Atal Pension Yojana

2. Pradhan Mantri Jeevan Jyoti Bima Yojana

3. Pradhan Mantri Suraksha Bima Yojana

Select the correct answer using the code given below :

  1. A.1 only
  2. B.2 and 3 only
  3. C.1, 2 and 3
  4. D.1 and 3 only
Show answer
Correct answer: C. 1, 2 and 3

All three are social security schemes, launched together by the Government of India on 9 May 2015 to give pension and insurance cover to ordinary people, especially in the unorganised sector.

Q4.Indian EconomyAsked in: CDS · CDS-I 2024, GKHard

Which of the following statements is/are correct?

1. GDP deflator captures the average price of an unchanging basket of commodities that constitutes the GDP of the country.

2. GDP deflator can be used to measure the real GDP of the economy but not the inflation rate.

Select the correct answer using the code given below.

  1. A.1 only
  2. B.2 only
  3. C.Both 1 and 2
  4. D.Neither 1 nor 2
Show answer
Correct answer: D. Neither 1 nor 2

Both statements misdescribe the GDP deflator. The deflator is the ratio of nominal GDP to real GDP, multiplied by 100.

Q5.Indian EconomyAsked in: NDA · NDA-I 2017, GATHard

Which one of the following is NOT a target of the 12th Five-Year Plan ?

  1. A.Real GDP Growth Rate of 8 per cent
  2. B.Agriculture Growth Rate of 5 per cent
  3. C.Manufacturing Growth Rate of 10 per cent
  4. D.Increase in green cover by 1 million hectare every year during the Plan period
Show answer
Correct answer: B. Agriculture Growth Rate of 5 per cent

The Twelfth Five-Year Plan (2012–17) aimed at 4 per cent growth in agriculture, not 5 per cent. The Twelfth Plan, titled Faster, More Inclusive and Sustainable Growth, was the last five-year plan; after it the Planning Commission was replaced by NITI Aayog in 2015.