Which HTML element contains all the content that is visible to the visitor on a web page?

The correct answer is B, list-style. It is a shorthand property, which means it sets several related properties in a single declaration: the type of the marker, its position and an image to use as the marker, in any order and with the omitted ones falling back to their default values. CSS has several such shorthand properties, among them font, background, margin, padding and border. A is wrong because list-style-type sets only the kind of marker, such as a disc, a circle, a square, decimal numbers or Roman numerals. C is wrong because list-style-position sets only whether the marker sits inside or outside the content box of the list item. D is wrong because list-style-image sets only a picture to be used in place of the standard marker. Each of those three is a single longhand property, and the shorthand list-style is the one that carries all three.

The correct answer is D, controls. A form is the part of a page that collects information from the visitor, and the individual items placed in it to receive that information are called controls, or form controls: the text box, password box, radio button, check box, drop-down list, text area, submit button and reset button. Most are produced by the input tag with a different value of its type attribute, and each normally carries a name attribute so that the server can tell the values apart. A is wrong because object is a general programming term and also the name of a separate HTML element used to embed external resources. B is wrong because a table arranges data in rows and columns and has nothing to do with collecting input, although tables were once misused to lay forms out. C is wrong because a record is a database term, meaning one complete row of related fields.

The correct answer is A, HyperText Markup Language. Hypertext means text that carries links to other text, so that a reader can jump from one document to another instead of reading in a fixed order, and markup means the system of tags that labels each part of the content for the browser. B is wrong because no language called HighText Machine Language exists; machine language is the binary instruction set of a processor and is unrelated. C is wrong because transfer belongs to HTTP, the HyperText Transfer Protocol, which is the rule set used to carry pages across the network, not the language they are written in; candidates frequently confuse the two expansions, so keep them apart. D is wrong because the third word is Markup, not Making. The language was created by Tim Berners-Lee around 1991 and its standards are maintained by the World Wide Web Consortium.

The correct answer is B, Tim Berners-Lee. Working at CERN, the European nuclear research organisation, he proposed a hypertext system in 1989 and by 1991 had written HTML, the first web browser and the first web server, and he went on to found the World Wide Web Consortium, which maintains the standards. A is wrong because Charles Babbage designed the Difference Engine and the Analytical Engine in the nineteenth century and is called the father of the computer. C is wrong because Dennis Ritchie created the C programming language and, with Ken Thompson, the Unix operating system. D is wrong because Vint Cerf, with Robert Kahn, designed the TCP and IP protocols and is called a father of the internet, which is a different achievement: the internet is the network of networks, while the web is one service running on it.

The correct answer is B, the line break tag. An empty or void tag has no closing tag because it encloses no content; it simply performs an action at the point where it is written, and the line break tag, written as br, moves the following text to a new line. The other standard empty tags are hr for a horizontal rule, img for an image and input for a form control. A is wrong because the paragraph tag is a container: it has an opening and a closing tag and the text of the paragraph sits between them. C is wrong because the table tag is a container that encloses rows and cells, and leaving it unclosed breaks the layout. D is wrong because the anchor tag is a container too; the words that become clickable are placed between its opening and closing tags, while the destination goes in the href attribute.