What is/are the consequence/consequences of a country becoming the member of the 'Nuclear Suppliers Group' ? 1. It will have access to the latest and most efficient nuclear technologies. 2. It automatically becomes a member of "The Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT)". Which of the statements given above is/are correct ?

The correct answer is B, Jodhpur with Rao Jodha. The Rathore chief founded Jodhpur in 1459 and raised the Mehrangarh fort above it, which is why the state of Marwar is also called the land of the Rathores. Option A is wrong because Rao Bika, a son of Rao Jodha, founded Bikaner in 1488, while Udaipur was founded by Maharana Udai Singh II of Mewar in 1559 after Chittor was lost to Akbar. Option C is wrong because Rawal Jaisal of the Bhati Rajputs founded Jaisalmer in 1156, not Bikaner. Option D is wrong for the same reason, since Udai Singh II belongs to Udaipur. Matching questions of this type are set precisely because all four founders are Rajputs of nearby states, so each pair must be learnt separately.

The correct answer is B, 1639. Shah Jahan began his new capital on the Yamuna in that year, shifting the court from Agra, and it took shape as the walled city of Shahjahanabad with the Red Fort, the Jama Masjid and the avenue of Chandni Chowk. Option A is wrong, but 1571 is the year in which Akbar began Fatehpur Sikri, the other Mughal city question. Option C is wrong, but 1690 is the year in which Job Charnock settled at Sutanuti, the traditional date for Calcutta, and the same year is sometimes offered beside 1639 to confuse candidates, since 1639 is also the year Fort St George was begun at Madras. Option D is wrong because 1727 is the year Jaipur was founded by Sawai Jai Singh II.

The correct answer is B, Sikandar Lodi, the second ruler of the Lodi dynasty, who founded Agra on the Yamuna in 1504 and made it his capital so that he could keep a closer watch on the chiefs of the east and the Rajputs of the south. Option A is wrong because Bahlol Lodi, the founder of the dynasty, ruled from Delhi. Option C is wrong because Ibrahim Lodi, the last of the line, was defeated and killed by Babur at the first battle of Panipat in 1526. Option D is wrong because Babur captured Agra after that battle and used it as his seat, and the Mughals went on to build the Agra fort and the Taj Mahal there, but the city itself was already two decades old when he arrived.

The correct answer is B, Harihara and Bukka, the two brothers of the Sangama family who founded both the city and the empire of Vijayanagara on the Tungabhadra in 1336; its ruins at Hampi in Karnataka are a World Heritage Site. Option A is wrong because Krishnadeva Raya, the greatest of its rulers and the patron of Telugu literature, belonged to the later Tuluva line and ruled nearly two centuries after the founding. Option C is wrong because Deva Raya II of the Sangama line ruled in the fifteenth century, when the Italian traveller Nicolo Conti visited. Option D is wrong because Pulakeshin II was a Chalukya king of Badami in the seventh century, far earlier and from a different dynasty altogether. The rule of thumb is that the Sangama brothers founded the city in 1336, the Saluva and Tuluva lines ruled it later, and the empire broke after the battle of Talikota in 1565, so any founding question points to Harihara and Bukka alone.

The correct answer is A, Jamsetji Nusserwanji Tata, the founder of the Tata group, after whom the steel town built by his company on the Subarnarekha in the first years of the twentieth century is named; it is also called Tatanagar, which remains the name of its railway station. Option B is wrong because no such person is connected with the city. Option C is wrong because Dorabji Tata, the son of Jamsetji, actually carried the steel plant through to completion after his father's death, but the city carries the father's name, not his. Option D is wrong because J. R. D. Tata belonged to a later generation and is remembered as the pioneer of Indian civil aviation and the first licensed pilot in the country.