The tinkathia system, against which the Champaran Satyagraha was launched, was related to:
- A.Compulsory cultivation of indigo on a part of the holding
- B.Payment of land revenue in cash
- C.A tax on salt manufacture
- D.Forced labour on the roads
Correct answer
Explanation
The correct answer is A, compulsory cultivation of indigo on a part of the holding. Under the tinkathia system a tenant of Champaran had to grow indigo on three kathas out of every twenty kathas of his land for the European planter, and the crop had to be sold at a price the planter fixed. When synthetic dye from Germany destroyed the market for natural indigo, the planters released tenants from the obligation only on payment of enhanced rent or a lump sum, which is what brought the discontent to a head. Option B is wrong because payment of revenue in cash was a general feature of the land revenue settlements and not the Champaran grievance. Option C is wrong because the salt tax was the target of the Dandi March of 1930. Option D is wrong because forced labour, known as begar, was a separate abuse. The Champaran Agrarian Act of 1918 ended the tinkathia system.
Read the full article: Gandhi in South Africa and the Early Satyagrahas
Practice Questions
View allIn which year did Mahatma Gandhi sail to South Africa as the lawyer of an Indian merchant firm?
- A.1888
- B.1891
- C.1893
- D.1896
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Gandhi left for South Africa in 1893 to appear for Dada Abdullah and Company, a Gujarati merchant firm of Durban, in a commercial dispute, and the one year engagement stretched into a stay of twenty-one years.
Read the full explanation →The Natal Indian Congress was founded by Mahatma Gandhi in which year?
- A.1894
- B.1903
- C.1906
- D.1913
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The Natal Indian Congress, founded in 1894, was the first political organisation of Indians in South Africa and it was created to oppose a bill that sought to take away the right of Indians to vote in Natal.
Read the full explanation →Which newspaper was started by Mahatma Gandhi in South Africa?
- A.Young India
- B.Harijan
- C.Indian Opinion
- D.Navajivan
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Gandhi started the weekly Indian Opinion in 1903 in South Africa, and it was printed at the Phoenix Settlement in English and Gujarati, carrying the arguments of the Indian community against discriminatory laws.
Read the full explanation →Tolstoy Farm, set up by Gandhi in 1910, was established on land donated by which of his friends?
- A.Hermann Kallenbach
- B.Henry Polak
- C.C. F. Andrews
- D.Sonja Schlesin
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Tolstoy Farm was founded in 1910 near Johannesburg on land given by Hermann Kallenbach, a German-born architect and close friend of Gandhi, and it housed the families of satyagrahis who had gone to jail, training them in manual labour and self-discipline.
Read the full explanation →Which book inspired Gandhi to found the Phoenix Settlement and was translated by him into Gujarati as Sarvodaya?
- A.The Kingdom of God is Within You
- B.Unto This Last
- C.Civil Disobedience
- D.Walden
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Gandhi read John Ruskin's Unto This Last on a train journey in South Africa in 1904, and the idea that the good of the individual lies in the good of all led him at once to found the Phoenix Settlement near Durban; he later rendered the book into Gujarati under…
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