The creation of a Federal Court in India was advocated by which of the following Acts/Commissions?
- A.The Government of India Act, 1919
- B.The Lee Commission, 1923
- C.The Government of India Act, 1935
- D.The Indian Councils Act, 1909
Correct answer
Explanation
The correct answer is C, The Government of India Act, 1935. This Act provided for a Federal Court, which was set up at Delhi in October 1937 to settle disputes between the Centre and the provinces.
The 1935 Act planned an All-India Federation of British provinces and princely states, and a federation needs a court to interpret the division of powers. The Federal Court had a Chief Justice and not more than six judges; its first Chief Justice was Sir Maurice Gwyer. It heard disputes between units of the federation and appeals on questions of constitutional interpretation, while appeals from it still went to the Privy Council in London. It worked until 1950, when the Supreme Court of India replaced it.
A, the Act of 1919, brought dyarchy in the provinces but no federal court. B, the Lee Commission, 1923, dealt with the pay and Indianisation of the superior civil services. D, the Indian Councils Act, 1909, the Morley-Minto Reforms, brought separate electorates for Muslims.
Exam tip: Federal Court, GoI Act 1935, set up 1937, replaced by the Supreme Court on 28 January 1950.
Practice Questions
View allWhich one of the following statements about Bipin Chandra Pal is correct?
- A.He was a member of the moderate group of Congress.
- B.He was a member of the extremist group of Congress.
- C.He was the Minister of Defence in the first Government of independent India.
- D.He was the Chief Minister of West Bengal.
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Bipin Chandra Pal was one of the leading Extremists, the "Pal" of the famous trio Lal-Bal-Pal. The trio were Lala Lajpat Rai of Punjab, Bal Gangadhar Tilak of Maharashtra and Bipin Chandra Pal of Bengal.
Read the full explanation →The Theosophical Society was led by
- A.A. O. Hume
- B.Arthur Griffith
- C.Annie Besant
- D.Lord Dufferin
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Annie Besant became the international president of the Theosophical Society in 1907 and led it until her death in 1933.
Read the full explanation →Statement I : King Ashoka abolished capital punishment and disbanded his army.
Statement II : After Kalinga War, Ashoka was remorseful and became a Buddhist.
- A.Both the statements are individually true and Statement II is the correct explanation of Statement I
- B.Both the statements are individually true but Statement II is not the correct explanation of Statement I
- C.Statement I is true but Statement II is false
- D.Statement I is false but Statement II is true
Show answer
Ashoka turned to Buddhism after the Kalinga war, but he neither abolished the death penalty nor disbanded his army. The Kalinga war, fought around 261 BCE in the eighth year of his reign, left over a lakh dead, and in Rock Edict XIII Ashoka records his deep remorse.
Read the full explanation →In the first century AD, which among the following was not a major item of Indian exports to Rome?
- A.Pepper
- B.Spikenard
- C.Tortoiseshell
- D.Nutmeg
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Nutmeg comes from the Banda Islands in the Moluccas of present-day Indonesia, and it was not one of the main goods India sent to Rome.
Read the full explanation →The Hunter Commission (1882) appointed to survey the state of education in India
- A.deprecated University education
- B.overruled the Despatch of 1854
- C.endorsed the Despatch of 1854 with greater emphasis on primary education
- D.criticized the grants-in-aid system of schooling
Show answer
The commission upheld Wood's Despatch but asked the state to give special care to the spread of primary education. The Indian Education Commission was appointed in 1882 by Lord Ripon under the chairmanship of Sir William Wilson Hunter, to review how far the Despatch of 1854 had been carried out.
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