Pandit Hariprasad Chaurasia is famous for playing which instrument?

The correct answer is A, Bansuri. The bansuri is the bamboo transverse flute, a sushira vadya with no reed, in which the player changes notes by covering the finger holes. Hariprasad Chaurasia is its best known modern exponent, and before him Pannalal Ghosh is credited with making the longer bass flute fit for full classical performance.

Option B, the sarangi, is a bowed string instrument played with the fingernails pressing against the strings, whose great name is Ram Narayan. Option C, the mridangam, is the barrel drum of Carnatic music and Bharatanatyam, associated with Palghat Mani Iyer and Umayalpuram Sivaraman. Option D, the rudra veena, is the deep stick zither of the dhrupad tradition, played by Asad Ali Khan and by members of the Dagar family. All four are classical instruments with clear artist pairs, which is what this question tests.