Mount Vesuvius, the volcano whose eruption buried the city of Pompeii, is located in which country?

The correct answer is B, Italy. Mount Vesuvius stands near the Bay of Naples in southern Italy and its eruption in 79 CE buried the Roman towns of Pompeii and Herculaneum under ash, preserving them so well that they became an archaeological record of Roman daily life. It is a composite or strato volcano built of alternating layers of ash and lava.

Option A, Greece, has volcanic islands such as Santorini in the Aegean, whose ancient eruption is linked with the end of the Minoan civilisation, but not Vesuvius. Option C, Turkey, lies on the Alpine earthquake belt and has extinct volcanic peaks such as Mount Ararat, again not Vesuvius. Option D, Spain, has volcanic activity only in the Canary Islands off Africa. Italy is worth remembering as a cluster: Vesuvius near Naples, Etna in Sicily, and Stromboli in the Lipari Islands.