Magnetite particles, suspected to cause neurodegenerative problems, are generated as environmental pollutants from which of the following? 1. Brakes of motor vehicles 2. Engines of motor vehicles 3. Microwave stoves within homes 4. Power plants 5. Telephone lines Select the correct answer using the code given below.
- A.1, 2, 3 and 5 only
- B.1, 2 and 4 only
- C.3, 4 and 5 only
- D.1, 2, 3, 4 and 5
Correct answer
Explanation
The correct answer is B, 1, 2 and 4 only. Magnetite nanoparticles in polluted air come from high-temperature combustion and friction: vehicle engines, brake wear and power plants.
Magnetite is an iron oxide (Fe3O4). A 2016 study of human brain tissue from Mexico City and Manchester found large numbers of tiny rounded magnetite particles whose shape showed they were formed by burning and heating, not naturally inside the body. Such particles are released by engine exhaust, the grinding of brake pads on discs, and coal-fired power plants and industrial furnaces. Being magnetic and reactive, they are suspected of contributing to Alzheimer's disease and other neurodegenerative disorders.
A is wrong because microwave ovens and telephone lines do not emit magnetite particles; a microwave oven heats food with radio waves, not by burning anything.
C is wrong for the same reason and also leaves out vehicles.
D is wrong because it includes microwave ovens and telephone lines.
Exam tip: magnetite pollution = combustion and friction sources (engines, brakes, power plants); linked to brain damage.
Practice Questions
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