In household overnight travel, which two modes together account for about 73.5% of trips?

The correct answer is the National Statistics Office. The NSO, which works under the Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation, carried out the first all-India National Household Travel Survey between July 2025 and June 2026 and released its key indicators through a factsheet. Option A, NITI Aayog, is the government’s policy think tank and publishes indices of its own, but it does not run large household sample surveys of this kind. Option C, the Reserve Bank of India, conducts surveys on consumer confidence, inflation expectations and bank credit, not on travel behaviour of households. Option D is incorrect because the Census Commissioner conducts the decennial population census rather than sample surveys on commuting. Aspirants should link NSO and MoSPI with household surveys such as this one, remembering also that the survey additionally served the data requirements of the Ministry of Railways.

The correct answer is the two-wheeler, used by 42.6% of workers. The survey found the two-wheeler to be the single largest primary mode for work trips across the country, with a share of 52.3% in urban areas and 37.1% in rural areas. Option A quotes a bus share that belongs to student travel, not to work trips, where buses carry a far smaller proportion. Option B is a trap built from the rural walking figure; walking is indeed important and stands second among work trip modes, but it does not lead. Option D mixes up a state-level figure with the national one, since metro, suburban rail, monorail and trams together carry only 5.0% of urban workers nationally even though their use is far higher in a few states. Candidates should memorise the national two-wheeler share along with its urban and rural split.

The correct answer is ₹785. The survey put the average monthly outlay on commuting to a fixed workplace at ₹785 for each worker, and the figure hides a sharp divide: urban workers spend ₹1,044 a month while rural workers spend ₹612. Option A is the average monthly spend of students on travel to their educational institution, not of workers. Option B is the rural worker figure alone, so it understates the national average. Option D is the urban worker figure, which is higher than the national average rather than equal to it. There is also a gender gap worth remembering, with male workers spending ₹835 a month against ₹533 for female workers. Questions on this survey are likely to swap the student and worker numbers or the rural and urban ones, so fix all four in memory together.

The correct answer is basic metal, motor vehicles, chemicals and chemical products, pharmaceutical products and food products. These five industry groups together accounted for more than 45 per cent of the country's manufacturing value added during the year, which shows how concentrated factory output remains in a handful of heavy and consumer-facing industries. Options A, C and D list other industry groups and are wrong; none of those combinations is named among the leading five in the results. Alongside this industrial concentration the survey shows a regional one: Tamil Nadu, Maharashtra, Gujarat, Uttar Pradesh and Haryana were the five leading states for persons engaged and together held about 56 per cent of total manufacturing employment in the country, while the top five states by value added held 53.30 per cent of all establishments.

The correct answer is 2.67 lakh. The survey for the year ending March 2025 counted that many registered manufacturing establishments, and the sector grew by 2.64 per cent on this measure. Option A is wrong because 2.10 belongs to a different indicator entirely, the number of persons engaged in crore. Option B, 2.60 lakh, is the count reported in the previous round and so describes the earlier year rather than this one. Option D is wrong because no such figure appears in the results. Tamil Nadu reported the largest number of establishments at 41,221, followed by Gujarat at 33,084 and Maharashtra at 27,379. The top five states by value added together accounted for 53.30 per cent of all establishments in the country.