Dr. Bindeshwar Pathak, who was awarded Nikkei Asia Prize, 2018 for Culture and Community, is the founder of
- A.Bachpan Bachao Andolan
- B.PRS Legislative Research
- C.Sulabh Sanitation and Social Reform Movement
- D.Smile Foundation
Correct answer
Explanation
The correct answer is C, Sulabh Sanitation and Social Reform Movement. Dr. Bindeshwar Pathak founded the Sulabh movement in 1970 in Bihar to end manual scavenging and bring low-cost toilets to India.
Pathak, a sociologist from Bihar, designed and spread the two-pit pour-flush toilet, a cheap design that does not need a sewer line, and built the pay-and-use public toilet network known as Sulabh Shauchalaya across the country. His work aimed both at sanitation and at the dignity of people forced into manual scavenging, many of whom Sulabh trained for other jobs. He received the Padma Bhushan in 1991, the Nikkei Asia Prize in 2018 and, after his death in 2023, the Padma Vibhushan. Sulabh also runs the International Museum of Toilets in New Delhi.
A is wrong: Bachpan Bachao Andolan was founded by Nobel laureate Kailash Satyarthi to fight child labour. B is wrong: PRS Legislative Research is a Delhi think tank that tracks the work of Parliament. D is wrong: Smile Foundation is a separate NGO for children's education and health.
Exam tip: Bindeshwar Pathak = Sulabh International (1970), the 'toilet man of India'; Kailash Satyarthi = Bachpan Bachao Andolan.
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