Consolidation of holdings in India has been most successful in which group of states?
- A.Kerala and Tamil Nadu
- B.Punjab, Haryana and western Uttar Pradesh
- C.Odisha and West Bengal
- D.Assam and Tripura
Correct answer
Explanation
The correct answer is B, Punjab, Haryana and western Uttar Pradesh. These states made consolidation compulsory and completed it over most of their cultivated area, exchanging a farmer's scattered strips for one compact block, which made tube wells, tractors and field channels worth installing and so fed into the green revolution. Option A is wrong because Kerala and Tamil Nadu made little use of consolidation; Kerala concentrated instead on abolishing tenancy. Option C is wrong because Odisha and West Bengal have very small and crowded holdings and their reform effort went into tenancy records. Option D is wrong because the north-eastern states have community ownership of much of their land, which makes consolidation of individual plots largely irrelevant. Consolidation answers fragmentation, the splitting of fields by inheritance over generations.
Read the full article: Land Reforms in India: Tenures, Ceilings and Tenancy
Practice Questions
View allThe Permanent Settlement of 1793 was introduced by which Governor General?
- A.Warren Hastings
- B.Lord Cornwallis
- C.Lord William Bentinck
- D.Lord Dalhousie
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In 1793 he settled the land revenue of Bengal, Bihar and Odisha permanently with the zamindars, who were recognised as proprietors so long as they paid a demand fixed for ever, and the cultivator was left without any recorded right in the land.
Read the full explanation →The Ryotwari system of land revenue is associated chiefly with which official?
- A.Holt Mackenzie
- B.Thomas Munro
- C.John Shore
- D.Lord Cornwallis
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Working with Alexander Read in the ceded districts and later as Governor of Madras, Munro settled the revenue directly with each cultivator, the ryot, who was recognised as the owner of his field so long as he paid, with the demand revised every twenty or thirty years.
Read the full explanation →Which amendment of the Constitution added the Ninth Schedule in order to protect land reform laws from challenge?
- A.First Amendment, 1951
- B.Fourth Amendment, 1955
- C.Seventeenth Amendment, 1964
- D.Forty-fourth Amendment, 1978
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Courts had begun to strike down zamindari abolition laws as a breach of the right to property, so Parliament inserted Articles 31A and 31B and created the Ninth Schedule, in which a law can be placed to put it beyond challenge on the ground that it takes away a fundamental…
Read the full explanation →Operation Barga, the programme to record and protect sharecroppers, was carried out in which state?
- A.Kerala
- B.West Bengal
- C.Bihar
- D.Maharashtra
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From 1978 the state government ran a campaign to enter the names of sharecroppers, known there as bargadars, in official records, which gave them a permanent and heritable right to cultivate and a legally fixed share of the crop, and it is quoted as the most effective tenancy reform in…
Read the full explanation →The Bhoodan movement was started in 1951 by whom and at which place?
- A.Jayaprakash Narayan at Sitabdiara
- B.Vinoba Bhave at Pochampally
- C.Mahatma Gandhi at Sevagram
- D.N.G. Ranga at Guntur
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Walking through the villages of the Telangana region in 1951 he asked landowners to treat the landless as their own kin and to gift a share of their land, and the first such gift at Pochampally began the Bhoodan or land gift movement, later extended as Gramdan, the gift of…
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