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GeographyMediumAsked in: UPSC Civil Services · CSE Prelims 2025, GS Paper I

Consider the following statements : Statement I : In India, State Governments have no power for making rules for grant of concessions in respect of extraction of minor minerals even though such minerals are located in their territories. Statement II : In India, the Central Government has the power to notify minor minerals under the relevant law. Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?

  1. A.Both Statement I and Statement II are correct and Statement II explains Statement I
  2. B.Both Statement I and Statement II are correct but Statement II does not explain Statement I
  3. C.Statement I is correct but Statement II is not correct
  4. D.Statement I is not correct but Statement II is correct

Correct answer

D. Statement I is not correct but Statement II is correct

Explanation

The correct answer is D, Statement I is not correct but Statement II is correct. States do make the rules for minor mineral concessions, while the Centre decides which minerals count as minor.

Under the Mines and Minerals (Development and Regulation) Act, 1957, Section 3(e) lists minor minerals such as building stones, gravel, ordinary clay and ordinary sand, and adds any other mineral that the Central Government declares to be a minor mineral by notification in the Official Gazette. Using this power the Centre has notified minerals such as marble, slate, quartzite and shale. Section 15 then gives the state governments the power to make rules for quarry leases, mining leases and other mineral concessions for minor minerals, and to fix and collect royalty on them, so regulation of minor minerals is largely a state subject in practice.

A is wrong because Statement I is false. B is wrong for the same reason. C is wrong because it reverses the truth: Statement I is false and Statement II is true.

Exam tip: Minor minerals: Centre notifies them (Section 3(e)), states make concession rules (Section 15).

Practice Questions

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Q1.GeographyAsked in: CDS · CDS-I 2018, GKHard

Which one of the following is applicable to collision-coalescence process of precipitation?

  1. A.Clouds which do not extend beyond the freezing level
  2. B.Clouds which extend beyond the freezing level
  3. C.All types of clouds
  4. D.Cirrocumulus cloud
Show answer
Correct answer: A. Clouds which do not extend beyond the freezing level

Collision-coalescence is the way rain forms in warm clouds, whose tops stay below the level where water freezes. In such clouds all droplets are liquid.

Q2.GeographyAsked in: CDS · CDS-I 2024, GKEasy

Identify the type of drainage pattern on the basis of the given characteristics :

1. It represents the most common pattern of streams and their tributaries

2. It occurs in areas of uniform rock type and regular slope

3. A map, or aerial photograph, shows a pattern like the veins on a leaf— smaller streams join the main stream at an acute angle

Select the correct answer.

  1. A.Dendritic
  2. B.Radial
  3. C.Trellis
  4. D.Centripetal
Show answer
Correct answer: A. Dendritic

A pattern that looks like the branches of a tree or the veins of a leaf, formed on uniform rock with a regular slope, is dendritic.

Q3.GeographyAsked in: CDS · CDS-II 2024, GKEasy

The Research Design and Standards Organization is the R&D wing of which one of the following organizations ?

  1. A.Bhabha Atomic Research Centre
  2. B.Indian Space Research Organization
  3. C.Indian Railways
  4. D.Defence Research and Development Organization
Show answer
Correct answer: C. Indian Railways

The Research Design and Standards Organisation (RDSO) is the sole research and development wing of the Ministry of Railways. RDSO is headquartered at Lucknow.