General Science Mixed Quiz: Set 11

It states that the rate of change of momentum of a body is proportional to the applied force and takes place in the direction of the force.

It states that the upthrust on a body dipped fully or partly in a fluid equals the weight of the fluid the body pushes aside.

Kinetic energy is the energy a body has because of its motion, and it grows with the square of the speed, so a body moving twice as fast carries four times the kinetic energy.

The first law states that a body continues in its state of rest or of uniform motion in a straight line unless an unbalanced external force acts on it, which is exactly the property called inertia.

Leucoplasts are the colourless plastids of plant cells, and each kind is named after what it stores.

Work is the product of force and displacement, so its unit is the newton metre, which is given the name joule; one joule of work is done when a force of one newton moves a body through one metre in its own direction.

Before firing, the gun and the bullet are at rest, so the total momentum of the system is zero.

The Golgi apparatus is the main site where glycoproteins and glycolipids are formed. It is a stack of flat, disc-shaped sacs called cisternae, first described by Camillo Golgi in 1898.

Power is the rate of doing work, that is work divided by the time taken, so its unit is the joule per second, which is named the watt after James Watt.

Air always moves from a region of higher pressure to one of lower pressure, so it flows out of the lungs only when the pressure inside them rises above that of the outside air.

Momentum is the product of mass and velocity, so its unit is the unit of mass multiplied by the unit of velocity, that is kilogram multiplied by metre per second.

The pituitary gland sends out hormones that order the thyroid and the adrenal glands to release their own hormones. The pituitary is a pea-sized gland attached to the base of the brain, and it is called the master gland because it controls several other endocrine glands.

The horsepower is an older unit of power that survives in the rating of motors and vehicles, and one horsepower is taken as about 746 watt, that is roughly three quarters of a kilowatt.

Plasmodium falciparum causes malignant, or cerebral, malaria, the most dangerous form of the disease. Red blood cells infected by it become sticky and block the small blood vessels of the brain and other organs, which can lead to coma and death if treatment is delayed.

While the bus is moving, the passenger's whole body moves with it. When the brakes are applied, the feet stop along with the floor of the bus, but the upper body tends to keep moving forward at the same speed, and the passenger is thrown forward.

In DNA, adenine always pairs with thymine through two hydrogen bonds, and guanine pairs with cytosine through three. This is called complementary base pairing, and it is why one strand of DNA can be used to copy the other.

Household electricity is billed in these units, and one kilowatt hour, popularly called one unit, is the energy consumed when an appliance of one kilowatt runs for one hour; in SI terms it equals 3.6 million joule.

The three equations of uniformly accelerated motion are v equals u plus at, s equals ut plus half of a t squared, and v squared equals u squared plus twice a s, where u is the initial velocity, v the final velocity, a the acceleration, t the time and s…

Kinetic energy is half the mass into the square of the speed, so when the speed is multiplied by two the energy is multiplied by two squared, that is four.

On a velocity-time graph the height of the curve is velocity and the base is time, so the area enclosed is velocity multiplied by time, which is displacement.