Computer Awareness Mixed Quiz: Set 42

The company was registered in 1945 by M. H. Hasham Premji and made vanaspati cooking oil and laundry soap at Amalner in Maharashtra.

Microsoft was founded in 1975 by Bill Gates and Paul Allen at Albuquerque in New Mexico, moved to the Seattle area in 1979 and has had its main campus at Redmond in Washington state ever since.

It splits a large file into fixed-size blocks, 128 megabytes by default in current versions, scatters those blocks over the machines of the cluster and keeps more than one copy of each block so that the failure of a machine does not lose data.

A data warehouse is exactly that, a central store into which data from many operational systems is extracted, cleaned and loaded so that it can be analysed for decision making.

Shiv Nadar and a group of colleagues left their jobs at an electronics firm and set up Hindustan Computers Limited, shortened to HCL, in 1976 to design and sell Indian-made microcomputers.

Muhammad ibn Musa al-Khwarizmi was a ninth-century Persian mathematician and astronomer whose treatise on calculation with Hindu-Arabic numerals reached Europe in Latin translation; his Latinised name produced the word algorithm, and another of his works gave the word algebra.

In the process called Knowledge Discovery in Databases, or KDD, the stages run from selection of the relevant data, through cleaning and preprocessing, to transformation, then data mining, and finally interpretation and evaluation of what was found.

HTTPS is HTTP carried inside an SSL or TLS tunnel, and the port reserved for it is 443, which is why a padlock appears in the address bar when a site is reached on that port with a valid certificate.

Robert Noyce, one of the inventors of the integrated circuit, and Gordon Moore, who gave the observation known as Moore's law that the number of transistors on a chip doubles about every two years, left an earlier firm and founded Intel in 1968.

The cat command, short for concatenate, writes the contents of one or more files to the standard output, which is normally the screen, and so does the work of TYPE in MS-DOS.

The Apriori algorithm first finds the sets of items that appear together often enough to pass a support threshold, using the rule that any subset of a frequent set must itself be frequent, and then turns those frequent sets into rules measured by confidence.

A computer with PS/2 ports has two six-pin mini-DIN sockets that are identical in shape, so they are distinguished by colour: purple for the keyboard and green for the mouse.

Google reorganised its businesses in 2015 and placed them under a new holding company named Alphabet Inc. Google continued as the subsidiary running search, advertising, Android, Chrome, Maps and YouTube, while separate ventures such as the self-driving car company and the life sciences company were made direct subsidiaries of Alphabet.

A FASTag is a battery free RFID sticker pasted on the inside of the windscreen. An overhead reader at the toll plaza energises it, reads the identity number, matches it with the linked prepaid wallet or bank account and debits the toll while the vehicle keeps moving.

Storage units climb in powers of two, each unit being 1,024 times the one below it, so 1,024 bytes make a kilobyte, 1,024 kilobytes a megabyte, 1,024 megabytes a gigabyte, 1,024 gigabytes a terabyte and 1,024 terabytes a petabyte.

Bharat Operating System Solutions is built on Debian GNU/Linux by the Centre for Development of Advanced Computing, the research organisation under the Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology that is also known for the PARAM series of supercomputers; BOSS comes in versions for schools, for desktops and for servers, with…

Faqir Chand Kohli was the first general manager and later deputy chairman of Tata Consultancy Services, and he is credited with creating the model on which Indian software exports grew, namely training engineering graduates in programming and selling their services to clients abroad.

It uses historical data with statistical models and machine learning to estimate what will probably happen next, such as which loan accounts are likely to slip into default or how much electricity a city will draw next summer.

Alibaba was started in 1999 by Jack Ma, a former English teacher, in his apartment in Hangzhou, the capital of Zhejiang province, and the company has kept its headquarters in that city.

ETL names the three steps through which data enters a warehouse: it is extracted from the operational systems that produced it, transformed so that formats, units, codes and duplicates are reconciled into one consistent shape, and then loaded into the warehouse tables.