Computer Awareness Mixed Quiz: Set 24

In a web address the part before the colon and the two slashes names the protocol, so http, the HyperText Transfer Protocol, is the set of rules by which a browser asks a server for a page and the server answers.

The IBM System/360, announced in 1964, was built around integrated circuits, and the integrated circuit is exactly what defines the third generation of computers; the series is also remembered for introducing a single compatible family of machines of different sizes.

In 1936 the British mathematician Alan Turing described an abstract machine, now called the Turing machine, that defines what it means for a problem to be computable, and in 1950 he proposed the Turing test, by which a machine is judged intelligent if its answers cannot be told from a…

In a database such as Microsoft Access, the view that shows a table as rows and columns, looking like a spreadsheet grid, is called Datasheet view.

The address bus carries only the address of the memory location or the input-output port that the processor wants to use, and that address always travels outwards from the processor to memory, never back; a bus that carries signals in one direction only is unidirectional.

In multimedia, graphics is the broad word for every kind of visual element a computer can store and show, so drawings, photographs, movies and simulations all sit inside it.

Read the table row by row. The output is 0 only when both inputs are 0, and it is 1 in the other three rows, including the row where both inputs are 1.

Netscape Navigator, released in 1994 by Netscape Communications, the company founded by Marc Andreessen and Jim Clark, was the first web browser sold as a commercial product.

Selecting a file in File Explorer and pressing F2 puts its name into edit mode, so the new name can be typed directly; the same result is got by right-clicking and choosing Rename.

The plain remove-directory command is built to delete an empty folder only. In Windows it is rmdir, also written rd, and in Linux it is rmdir; both stop with a message such as "The directory is not empty" when anything is still inside.

A URL is the address of a web resource: it says where the resource sits on the network and, through the scheme written in front, how it is to be fetched.

PPP is a data-link layer protocol that carries data directly between two nodes over a single link, such as a telephone line, a leased line or a serial cable.

Herman Hollerith built an electric tabulating machine that read holes punched in cards, and it cut the time needed to process the United States census of 1890 from years to months.

The format is named after the committee of experts that drew up the standard, which was published in 1992 for compressing photographs.

Each address line can be either 0 or 1, so n address lines give two raised to the power n distinct combinations, and each combination is one memory address.

HTML has no separate checkbox element at all. Every simple form control is written with the single input tag, and the type attribute decides what the browser draws, whether that is text, password, radio, checkbox, submit, file or hidden.

Each of these gates alone is enough to build every other gate and so every logic circuit: a NAND with its two inputs tied together acts as a NOT, two NANDs in sequence give an AND, and a suitable arrangement of three gives an OR, and the same can be…

The Delete key alone moves a file from the hard disk to the Recycle Bin, where it occupies space until the Bin is emptied and from where it can be restored.

In his report on the EDVAC design in 1945 John von Neumann set out a computer in which a single memory holds both the program and the data it works on, with a control unit, an arithmetic and logic unit and input and output; that layout is still called the…

Released by Intel in 1971, the 4004 put a complete central processing unit on a single chip for the first time in a commercial product and was a 4-bit processor, originally designed for a calculator.