General Science Mixed Quiz: Set 133

Uric acid is the end product of the breakdown of purines, which come from the nucleic acids DNA and RNA, so gout patients are told to cut down purine-rich food.

Each kidney contains about a million nephrons, and each nephron consists of a Bowman's capsule enclosing a knot of capillaries called the glomerulus, followed by a tubule in which useful substances are reabsorbed; together they filter the blood and form urine.

All four terms come from physics and cosmology, the study of how the universe and its matter work. An event horizon is the boundary around a black hole beyond which nothing, not even light, can escape.

The 2011 FSSAI labelling rules made the list of ingredients, nutrition information and the vegetarian or non-vegetarian mark compulsory, but not medical advice on allergies.

A nitrogen molecule, N₂, is diatomic, not triatomic; its two atoms are joined by a triple bond, and the molecules attract each other only weakly.

Only this split of boron-10 and boron-11 gives an average atomic mass of 10.81. The relative atomic mass of an element is the average of its isotopes' masses, each weighted by how common it is.

The hyoid is a U-shaped or horseshoe-shaped bone lying in the front of the neck below the lower jaw; it is held in place only by muscles and ligaments and forms no joint with any other bone, which is why it supports the tongue and helps in speech and swallowing.

Carrying water and food through the plant is the main job of the stem's vascular tissue, not of the leaf.

In 1887 he used a spark gap oscillator to generate waves and a loop with a gap to detect them, and he measured their wavelength and showed that they behaved like light in reflection and refraction, which confirmed the theory.

The spring constant is force divided by extension, so its SI unit is newton per metre. Hooke's law says that, within the elastic limit, the restoring force of a spring is proportional to how far it is stretched or compressed: F = −kx.

The Swedish naturalist Carolus Linnaeus introduced the two part naming of organisms in Systema Naturae and applied it to the plant kingdom in Species Plantarum, and because he also built the ranked system of classification he is called the father of taxonomy.

Wet straw or gunny bags keep the fresh concrete moist, so water does not evaporate before the cement has hydrated properly.

A true fruit is a ripened ovary and nothing else. After fertilisation, the ovary of a flower develops into the fruit, its wall becomes the pericarp and the ovules inside become seeds.

About an axis through the centre, a solid disc has I = ½MR² while a solid sphere has I = ⅖MR², and ½ is larger than ⅖.

In uniform circular motion the speed stays the same, but the direction of the velocity keeps changing, so the car is always accelerating and the direction of that acceleration keeps changing too.

The correct answer is C, Apis dorsata, the rock bee, the largest of the Indian honey bees, which builds a single huge comb on cliffs and tall buildings and yields the most honey per colony, yet is fierce and cannot be kept in hives.

In a dicot leaf most stomata are on the lower surface, so coating that surface blocks most of the water loss and the leaf stays fresh the longest.

The Food Safety and Standards Authority of India is the statutory body that lays down standards for food and regulates its manufacture, storage, sale and import across India.

Treating rock phosphate, which is insoluble calcium phosphate, with sulphuric acid gives superphosphate of lime, a fertiliser whose phosphorus plants can absorb.

Only pair 3 is right; the descriptions of Cepheids and nebulae have been swapped. Cepheid variables are pulsating stars that brighten and dim on a regular cycle.