General Science Mixed Quiz: Set 118

Both statements are true, and the magnetic field set up by the current (Statement II) is exactly why the compass needle turns (Statement I).

The 2011 FSSAI labelling rules made the list of ingredients, nutrition information and the vegetarian or non-vegetarian mark compulsory, but not medical advice on allergies.

Working on the observations of Tycho Brahe he found that a planet moves in an ellipse with the sun at one focus, that the line from the sun to the planet sweeps equal areas in equal times, and that the square of the orbital period is proportional to the cube…

Meiosis halves them in the gametes, and fertilisation restores them in the offspring. Each parent makes gametes by meiosis, so a human egg or sperm carries 23 chromosomes instead of 46.

Agar is obtained chiefly from Gelidium and Gracilaria, members of the Rhodophyceae, and it is used to prepare the solid media on which microbes and plant tissues are grown, as well as in jellies and ice cream.

The spring constant is force divided by extension, so its SI unit is newton per metre. Hooke's law says that, within the elastic limit, the restoring force of a spring is proportional to how far it is stretched or compressed: F = −kx.

With no external force on the system, its centre of mass cannot start moving. The throw is an internal force: X pushes the tool forward and the tool pushes X backward with an equal and opposite force (Newton's third law).

The formula T₀ = 2π√(L/g) holds only for small swings; at large amplitudes the period grows.

Pressure applied to an enclosed liquid is transmitted equally and undiminished in every direction, so a small force on the narrow master cylinder of a brake creates a much larger force on the wide piston at each wheel, which is also how a hydraulic press and a hydraulic lift work.

A beam seen from the side is visible only because tiny particles send some of its light sideways. Light travelling in a straight line cannot enter our eyes unless something redirects it towards us.

The green algae owe their colour to chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b, which are not masked by any other pigment; Chlamydomonas, Volvox, Spirogyra, Ulothrix and Chara belong here, and their stored food is starch.

The stapedius, only about 1 millimetre long, is the smallest skeletal muscle in the human body. It lies in the middle ear and is attached to the stapes, which is itself the smallest bone of the body.

His experiments on garden pea, in which he followed single characters such as seed shape and flower colour through generations, gave the laws of dominance, segregation and independent assortment, and showed that inheritance works through discrete factors rather than a blending of parental traits.

The newton is a derived unit: it is built from the kilogram, the metre and the second, since force equals mass times acceleration, and it can be written as one kilogram metre per second squared.

Brown algae of the class Phaeophyceae contain chlorophyll a and c along with the xanthophyll pigment fucoxanthin, and because fucoxanthin masks the green chlorophyll the plant looks olive green to deep brown; Laminaria, Sargassum, Fucus, Ectocarpus and Dictyota are examples, and many of them bear air bladders that keep the…

Dendrites and the axon are the two kinds of processes that grow out of a neuron, the nerve cell that carries messages through the body.

Ohm found that for a metallic conductor at a steady temperature the ratio of potential difference to current is a constant, the resistance, which is written as V equals I into R, so doubling the voltage doubles the current.

Besides its normal roots, Cycas bears small branched roots that grow upward near the surface and look like coral; these coralloid roots hold cyanobacteria such as Anabaena and Nostoc, which fix atmospheric nitrogen and supply it to the plant.

His study of the characteristic X-rays of the elements showed that the nuclear charge, the atomic number, is the quantity that rises regularly from element to element, and the modern periodic law therefore states that properties are a periodic function of atomic number.

It is the only surviving species of its order, has remained almost unchanged for many millions of years and is known from fossils of the age of the dinosaurs, which is why it is called a living fossil; it is a gymnosperm with fan-shaped leaves, grown widely as an ornamental…