General Science Mixed Quiz: Set 115

The statement is Kirchhoff's voltage (loop) law, and it follows from the fact that energy is neither created nor destroyed.

The 2011 FSSAI labelling rules made the list of ingredients, nutrition information and the vegetarian or non-vegetarian mark compulsory, but not medical advice on allergies.

Bleaching powder is an oxidising agent, not a reducing agent, so this statement is the false one. Bleaching powder, calcium oxychloride (CaOCl₂), is made by passing chlorine gas over dry slaked lime, Ca(OH)₂.

Meiosis makes gametes that differ from one another, and fertilization joins a gamete from each of two parents, so every offspring gets a new mix of genes.

When oxygen runs short during hard exercise, muscle cells break glucose down anaerobically, and lactic acid is the by-product. In glycolysis, which takes place in the cytoplasm, one molecule of glucose splits into two molecules of pyruvate and yields a little ATP.

The de Broglie wavelength depends only on momentum, so equal wavelengths mean equal momenta. In 1924 Louis de Broglie proposed that every moving particle has a wave linked to it, with wavelength λ = h/p, where h is Planck's constant and p is the linear momentum.

Quartz is a crystalline solid, and crystals show different physical properties in different directions, which is called anisotropy. In a crystalline solid the particles are arranged in a regular, repeating pattern, so the arrangement looks different along different directions.

The SI system, adopted in 1960 by the General Conference on Weights and Measures, rests on seven base units: the metre, the kilogram, the second, the ampere, the kelvin, the mole and the candela.

A body sinks when its weight is greater than the buoyant force of the water it displaces, which happens when it is denser than water.

The brain is divided into fore-brain, mid-brain and hind-brain, and the fore-brain is the main thinking part. Its largest portion is the cerebrum, whose folded outer layer holds separate areas for hearing, sight, smell and touch, for reasoning and memory, and for ordering voluntary movement.

Red, green and blue are the primary colours of light because mixing them in different proportions produces all other colours.

Marie Curie discovered radium; the first two pairs have their discoveries swapped. Marie Curie and Pierre Curie discovered the radioactive elements polonium and radium in 1898, and Marie Curie went on to win Nobel Prizes in both physics (1903) and chemistry (1911).

Quartz is silicon dioxide (SiO 2 ), so it contains silicon and oxygen. Quartz is one of the most common minerals in the Earth's crust and the main part of sand.

This is double fertilisation, a feature found only in flowering plants. The pollen tube carries the two male gametes into the embryo sac.

An alloy is made by melting and mixing its components, which keep their own properties and are not joined in a fixed ratio by chemical bonds.

Filament bulbs are commonly filled with argon, often mixed with nitrogen, not helium. An inert gas in a filament bulb slows the evaporation of the hot tungsten filament.

Polythene is an addition polymer: ethene molecules join through their double bonds without losing any small molecule. Polymers form in two main ways.

Both are cnidarians, simple aquatic animals with stinging cells. Members of phylum Coelenterata (Cnidaria) have radial symmetry, two body layers, a single opening that works as both mouth and anus, and stinging cells called cnidoblasts on their tentacles, used to catch prey and for defence.

The vaccine protects against several pneumococcal diseases and so cuts antibiotic use, but no vaccine is free of side effects.

The Himalayan nettle yields a strong natural fibre that can be spun and woven into cloth. Girardinia diversifolia, known as Himalayan giant nettle or allo, is a stinging shrub that grows wild in the moist forests of the Himalayas, including Uttarakhand, Himachal Pradesh and the North-east, as well as Nepal.