General Science Mixed Quiz: Set 113

The ball keeps slowing down by about 9.8 m/s every second until its speed becomes zero at the top, which takes 40 ÷ 9.8 ≈ 4 seconds.

The 2011 FSSAI labelling rules made the list of ingredients, nutrition information and the vegetarian or non-vegetarian mark compulsory, but not medical advice on allergies.

Starlight bends as it passes through air layers of changing density, and because these layers keep moving, the star seems to flicker.

Meiosis makes gametes that differ from one another, and fertilization joins a gamete from each of two parents, so every offspring gets a new mix of genes.

Both gain the same kinetic energy, but the electron is far lighter, so it moves much faster. A charge q accelerated through a potential difference V gains kinetic energy qV.

The de Broglie wavelength depends only on momentum, so equal wavelengths mean equal momenta. In 1924 Louis de Broglie proposed that every moving particle has a wave linked to it, with wavelength λ = h/p, where h is Planck's constant and p is the linear momentum.

Dolomite is a carbonate of calcium and magnesium, a base that neutralises soil acidity and so raises the pH. Dolomite, CaMg(CO₃)₂, is a common liming material.

For an ideal gas in a fixed volume at a fixed temperature, pressure is proportional to the number of molecules, so half the molecules give half the pressure.

Statements 1 and 2 are correct; statement 3 is wrong because zinc is more reactive than iron.

Crown gall is caused by the bacterium Agrobacterium tumefaciens, which enters through a wound near the base, or crown, of the stem and makes the plant grow rough tumour-like swellings there.

Washing soda is sodium carbonate decahydrate, sodium carbonate with ten molecules of water of crystallisation.

Natural chlorine is a mixture of two isotopes, and their weighted average is about 35.5 u. Chlorine has two stable isotopes: chlorine-35, which makes up about 75 per cent of natural chlorine, and chlorine-37, about 25 per cent.

Besides the nucleus, these are the only organelles of a plant cell that carry their own DNA. Mitochondria and chloroplasts have small circular DNA molecules and their own 70S ribosomes, so they can make some of their own proteins and divide on their own.

The endodermis is the innermost layer of the cortex that surrounds the vascular tissue; it is not a part of the vascular bundle itself.

The gastric glands in the stomach wall secrete hydrochloric acid, the only mineral (inorganic) acid among the options. Hydrochloric acid (HCl) makes the stomach strongly acidic, with a pH of about 1.5 to 3.5.

The spring constant is force divided by extension, so its SI unit is newton per metre. Hooke's law says that, within the elastic limit, the restoring force of a spring is proportional to how far it is stretched or compressed: F = −kx.

Lymph is plasma that has leaked out of the capillaries, and red blood cells are too large to pass through the capillary walls.

Zika is spread mainly by the Aedes mosquito that also carries dengue, and it can pass between sexual partners. The Zika virus is a flavivirus first identified in Uganda's Zika forest in 1947.

While collecting nectar, a honey-bee carries pollen from one flower to the stigma of another, which lets the plant form seeds.

Sexual reproduction mixes the genes of two parents, so the young differ from each other and from their parents, and variation helps a species survive changing conditions.