Environment & Ecology Mixed Quiz: Set 61

It is the only set in which each organism eats the one before it, so energy passes along a single feeding line.

Until then the Act of 1972 knew only national parks and sanctuaries, both of which need state ownership and control.

Nanda Devi National Park lies in the Chamoli district of Uttarakhand, around India's second-highest peak, Nanda Devi. The park is a vast glacial basin ringed by high peaks and was inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage list in 1988 for its wild, untouched landscape.

PAT gives each designated consumer a target to reduce its specific energy consumption over a cycle; a plant that overshoots the target earns ESCerts and may sell them on the power exchanges to a plant that has fallen short, which turns efficiency into a tradable commodity.

Global dimming is the drop in sunlight reaching the ground, and the cooling that follows, caused by particles in the air.

The hydrogen ions released when carbonic acid dissociates combine with carbonate ions to form bicarbonate, so the pool of free carbonate shrinks.

BOD tells how much organic pollution a body of water carries. Biological, or biochemical, Oxygen Demand is the amount of dissolved oxygen that aerobic micro-organisms use up while breaking down the organic matter in a water sample, usually measured over five days at 20 degrees Celsius and expressed in milligrams…

The amendment of 2022 rationalised the schedules of the parent Act: Schedule I now lists animals given the highest protection, Schedule II lists animals with a lesser degree of protection, Schedule III lists specified plants and Schedule IV lists specimens figuring in the appendices of the Convention on International Trade…

The International Day for the Preservation of the Ozone Layer is observed on 16 September, not 16 November. The date marks the signing of the Montreal Protocol on 16 September 1987, the treaty that phased out chlorofluorocarbons and other ozone-depleting substances.

It is a free-floating plant of South American origin that was brought to India for its attractive flowers.

Myxomatosis passes from rabbit to rabbit through biting insects and contact, so it spreads fastest where rabbits are crowded together.

Gahirmatha, on the Odisha coast beside the Bhitarkanika mangroves, is the only turtle sanctuary notified in India and protects the world's largest mass nesting ground of the olive ridley turtle, where the phenomenon of arribada, or mass nesting, takes place.

It builds a three tier system: the National Biodiversity Authority at the centre, State Biodiversity Boards, and a Biodiversity Management Committee in every local body, which keeps a People Biodiversity Register of the plants, animals and traditional uses of its area.

The EIA Notification of 2006 replaced the earlier notification of 1994 and reorganised the whole clearance process, chiefly by dividing projects into Category A, appraised and cleared at the central level, and Category B, appraised and cleared at the state level, and by laying down the four stages of screening…

Rain is called acid rain when its pH falls below 5.6. Even clean rain is slightly acidic, because carbon dioxide in the air dissolves in it and forms weak carbonic acid, which brings its pH down to about 5.6.

Going south from the Nepal border, the order is Dudhwa, Panna, Pench and then Indravati.

Energy passes one way from the Sun through the food chain and is lost as heat, while nutrients are used again and again.

These salts are the usual seeding agents in cloud seeding, the artificial way to make rain. Cloud seeding sprays tiny particles into clouds that already hold moisture, from aircraft, rockets or ground generators.

Nallur, near Devanahalli on the outskirts of Bengaluru, is an old stand of tamarind trees, some of them several centuries old, and Karnataka declared it the first Biodiversity Heritage Site of the country under section 37 of the Biological Diversity Act.

At Arabari in the Midnapore district, a forest officer stopped treating villagers as encroachers and offered them a share of the sal harvest in return for protecting the degraded forest.